Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men? What is the reason has this advantage gotten larger as time passes? We only have partial evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an absolute conclusion. Although we know that there are biological, psychological and environmental variables which play a significant role in the longevity of women over males, we aren't sure the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason why women live so much longer than men today however not as previously, is to relate to the fact that a number of key non-biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, ابر التخسيس like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for ابر التخسيس men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from every country could be expected to live for longer than her younger brother.

This chart illustrates that, even though women enjoy an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries could be significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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In the richer countries, the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart plots male and female life expectancies at birth in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women living in America are living longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is widening: While the female advantage in life expectancy was very small however, it has grown significantly in the past.

If you select the option "Change country by country' in the chart, you can confirm that the two points also apply to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.