Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women live longer than men? And how is this difference growing in the past? The evidence isn't conclusive and we only have limited answers. We recognize that biological, Www.zilahy.info/wiki/index.php/User:FideliaCoughlin (you can try here) behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; however, we aren't sure how significant the impact of each factor is.

In spite of the number of pounds, we know that at least part of the reason why women live longer than men today however not as previously, has to relate to the fact that certain key non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal parity line , this means in all countries the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a new boy.1

This chart is interesting in that it shows that while the female advantage is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men. In Bhutan the gap is less than half each year.

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In the richer countries, the female advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart compares the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both genders living in America are living longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The second is that there is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be extremely small however, it has increased significantly over the last century.

By selecting 'Change Country' on the chart, determine if these two points are applicable to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.