Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men in the present and how is this difference growing over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not strong enough to make an informed conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women have longer lives than men, however, we do not know how significant the impact to each of these variables is.

We are aware that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. But it is not because of certain biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for العاب زوجية survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity - which means that in every country that a baby girl can be expected to live longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart is interesting in that it shows that while the female advantage exists in all countries, global differences are significant. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men, while in Bhutan the gap is just half an hour.

__S.17__
__S.19__
In wealthy countries, the female advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancy at birth in the US in the years 1790 to 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

There is an upward trend. Both genders in America have longer lives than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was very small however, it has grown significantly over time.

You can verify that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.