Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And how does this benefit increase as time passes? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to support an informed conclusion. Although we know that there are biological, psychological, and environmental factors which all play a part in women who live longer than men, we don't know how much each one contributes.

We know that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. However it is not due to the fact that certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, ابر التخسيس there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - it means that in all nations baby girls can expect to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart above shows that the advantage of women exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men. In Bhutan the difference is just half each year.

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In the richer countries, the advantage of women in longevity was not as great.
We will now examine the way that female advantages in terms of longevity has changed over time. The next chart compares male and female life expectancy at birth in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two specific points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women in the US are living much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an increasing gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small however, it has increased significantly in the past century.

You can verify that these points are also applicable to other countries that have data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.