Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live more than men do today, and why is this difference growing in the past? We only have a few clues and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; However, we're not sure how much the influence of each of these factors is.

We have learned that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. But this isn't due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for زيوت تطويل الشعر men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal line of parity - this means in all countries the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a new boy.1

This chart shows that, although women have an advantage across all countries, differences between countries can be substantial. In Russia, women live 10 years more than males. In Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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The advantage women had in terms of life expectancy was lower in rich countries that it is today.
We will now examine the way that female advantages in longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at the time of birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two areas stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in life expectancy used to be very small however, it has increased significantly over the course of the last century.

If you select the option "Change country in the chart, you are able to check that these two points apply to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.